Nkumba University Institutional Respository (NKUIR)

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This community contains collections about books and book chapters written by Nkumba University staff from their respective faculties
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Research Articles and Journals

Recent Submissions

Intergenerational wealth transfer in families and people’s economic security in uganda: a case of Greater Kampala Metropolitan Area (GKMA).
(Nkumba University, 2026-07) Katongole, Badhul
The purpose of this study was to explore the phenomenon of intergenerational wealth transfer (IWT) in the Greater Kampala Metropolitan Area (GKMA) and how it guarantees people’s economic security (ES). It covered the period 1997–2024, a time when the Ugandan government implemented deliberate policies aimed at improving citizens' well-being. The study sought to understand the persistent economic immobility in wealth transfer across generations and addressed three main research questions: What are the existing mechanisms of IWT in GKMA and how do they operate to guarantee people’s ES? What is the effect of intergenerational transfer of financial and physical capital on guaranteeing people’s ES in GKMA?; What are the challenges faced by wealth creators/possessors in undertaking IWT to guarantee people’s ES in GKMA and what are the possible mitigation measures? A phenomenological research strategy was employed to understand the phenomenon of IWT from the lived experiences of those involved. The study used interviews, discussions, and document analysis to collect qualitative data, while Nnvivo software facilitated thematic analysis. Although largely qualitative, the study incorporated some quantitative elements to present less descriptive data. Key findings revealed five major mechanisms of IWT in GKMA: wealth creation, management, preservation, transfer, and inheritance. The transfer of financial and physical capital was found to contribute significantly to people’s ES through means such as financial stability, business continuity, and homeownership. Challenges to effective IWT included family conflicts, lack of financial literacy, and unprepared heirs. Suggested mitigation measures included estate planning, effective family governance, communication, and conflict resolution. Based on these findings, the study recommends the FAWESU model, comprising subsystems like the board, family office, family constitution, investments, family council, and shareholders’ forum, as a framework for building the necessary infrastructure to support efficient IWT and guarantee people’s economic security.
Pragmatic detection and early warning model for reduction of landslide effects in communities at risk : a case of selected sub-counties in Bududa district, Uganda
(Nkumba University, 2026-08-27) Namwano, Sylivia
This study addressed the devastating and persistent threat of landslides in Bududa District, Uganda, by designing and evaluating a pragmatic Landslide Early Warning Model (LEWaM), recognizing that existing systems are widely perceived as ineffective. The research adopted design science as a paradigm and was a case study design where qualitative data informed the quantitative data with a sample of 199 participants. Data collection methods involved survey methed, focus group discussion, and interviews, documentation review, and observation. The research first diagnosed critical system shortcomings and local knowledge gaps. Key findings confirmed that over half of the participants (51.3%) rated the current EWS at only 25% effectiveness, citing technical failures such as data inaccuracy, power outages, and equipment vandalism, alongside reliance on slow manual observation. In contrast, the community relies heavily on indigenous knowledge, recognizing heavy rainfall (96.2%) and precursory signs like soil cracks (89.7%), and uses word-of-mouth (71.2%) for warnings. This confirmed a critical disconnect between formal detection tools and effective, context-specific hazard communication, underscoring the necessity for a customized solution. The resulting Landslide Early Warning Model (LEWaM) was designed and implemented using Unified Modeling Language (UML) and was subsequently evaluated using a Random Forest machine learning algorithm on a tailored, dynamic dataset. The model evaluation demonstrated robust performance, achieving an overall accuracy of 89% with a macro-averaged F1-score of 0.86. Critically, LEWaM achieved near-perfect precision and recall in detecting "Danger" conditions, proving its reliability for identifying imminent threats while maintaining a low false alarm rate (3%) for "Normal" conditions. The primary area for refinement was identified in the "Warning" class, where a recall of 54% suggested a need to boost early warning sensitivity. Based on these results, recommendations include institutionalizing LEWaM within Bududa’s disaster plans, initiating a phased rollout strategy in pilot sub-counties prone to landslides, and empowering community ambassadors for warning relay. Future work should prioritize training the ML component on localized, real-world Bududa data to refine the sensitivity and precision of the crucial early "Warning" class.
Nuclear family background and discipline of on-going secondary school learners in Luweero district, Uganda
(Nkumba University, 2025-10-03) Namuyomba, Florence
The study was about influence of nuclear family background on the discipline of secondary school learners in Luweero District, Uganda. Specific Objectives of the study; to establish the influence of parental marital status on the discipline of on-going secondary schools learners in Luweero District, to assess the effect of family financial situation on the discipline of on-going secondary schools learners in Luweero District and to determine the influence of family size on the discipline of on-going secondary schools learners in Luweero District. The researcher used a descriptive survey design. Data collected from the Luweero District education office shows that there are 24 secondary schools, 24 head teachers, 1440 parents representatives, 240 teachers, and 2880 students in senior two and senior four. The researcher conducted the study on 12 head teachers which represent 50 percent of all head teachers. The study used appropriate instrument for each method in Key Informant Interview, the researcher used interview guide and in questionnaire survey the researcher used questionnaire. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS and Excel to generate frequencies and percentages for easy interpretation, while qualitative data from interviews were categorized into themes and presented narratively. These methods were chosen for their simplicity and clarity to a broad audience. The study found that while 82.1%–92.7% of respondents believed two-parent families foster better discipline through supervision and stability, statistical analysis showed no significant relationship (R² = 0.000, p = 0.756). In contrast, 93.7% linked poverty to deviant behavior, with 94.9% noting that it drives students to labor, impacting discipline. Additionally, over 92% agreed that large family size reduces parental attention, contributing to emotional distress and indiscipline. The study concluded that Statistical analysis showed that parental marital status has no significant impact on learner discipline (r = 0.018, p = 0.756; R² = 0.000). Family financial situation had a weak but significant positive relationship (r = 0.158, p = 0.005; R² = 0.025), indicating modest influence. Family size showed a moderate, significant relationship with discipline (r = 0.305, p = 0.000; R² = 0.093), suggesting it meaningfully affects learner behavior. The study recommends increased parental engagement, counseling, and mentoring programs in schools to support learners, especially from non-intact or large families. It urges government, NGOs, and school administrators to address poverty-related discipline issues through financial support, school feeding, and basic needs provision. Additionally, parents are encouraged to adopt intentional parenting practices and maintain strong communication with schools.
Maternal healthcare service utilization and health-related quality of life among young mothers aged 10–24 years: a case of selected districts of eastern Uganda.
(Nkumba University, 2026-07-28) Nakkazi, Joan
Maternal healthcare service utilization (MHCSU) remains a major public health challenge in low- and middle-income countries, particularly among adolescents and young mothers who face increased biological, social and structural vulnerabilities during pregnancy. Uganda's maternal mortality ratio remains high at 189 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births. In the selected districts of Eastern Uganda, utilization of antenatal care (ANC), skilled birth attendance (SBA) and postnatal care (PNC) remains below the Uganda Ministry of Health targets of 90% for ANC and skilled birth attendance and 80% for postnatal care. While previous studies have focused primarily on service coverage and survival, limited evidence exists on how MHCSU influences health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study examined the influence of MHCSU on HRQoL and evaluated the moderating effect of young mother factors among young mothers aged 10–24 years in Eastern Uganda. An explanatory sequential mixed-methods design was employed. The quantitative phase used a cluster randomized controlled trial involving 30 public health facilities randomly assigned to intervention and control groups (1:1). A total of 967 young mothers were enrolled using systematic random sampling. The intervention group received community-based peer support and mentorship alongside routine maternal health education, while the control group received routine care only. Endline data were collected six months after the intervention. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics to describe participants’ characteristics; Difference-in-Differences (DiD) analysis to estimate the intervention effect; chi-square tests and ANOVA to assess bivariate associations; ordered logistic regression to examine the association between MHCSU and HRQoL; and structural equation modelling to evaluate the moderating effect of young mother factors. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically. Maternal healthcare service utilization significantly improved HRQoL among young mothers. ANC utilization (OR = 1.686, 95% CI: 1.259–2.257; p < 0.001), SBA utilization (OR = 1.761, 95% CI: 1.345–2.306; p < 0.001) and PNC utilization (OR = 1.552, 95% CI: 1.169–2.061; p = 0.002) were all independently associated with better HRQoL. Perceived quality of care significantly moderated the relationship between ANC utilization and HRQoL (β = −0.698, p < 0.001), indicating that poor perceived quality reduced the positive effect of service utilization. These findings informed the development of the Sustainable Young Motherhood Awareness, Initiatives, Support and Safety (SYMAISS) Model. Maternal healthcare service utilization across the continuum of care significantly improves HRQoL among young mothers. The study recommends adoption of the SYMAISS model to strengthen integrated, youth-responsive maternal healthcare through improved quality of care, maternal health literacy, psychosocial support and community-based peer mentorship, thereby enhancing maternal well-being.
The law of oil and gas in Uganda.
(Jescho Publishing House, 2021) Lubogo, Isaac Christopher
The history of petroleum from 1859 up to about 1960 is inseparable from that of the big oil companies which formed and grew rapidly in order to seek, produce, transform, transport and sell this precious liquid. The first company to become very large in the oil sector belonged to John D. Rockefeller. He initially headed up a wholesale business, one of whose products was petroleum, and built the first refinery in Pennsylvania, then a second, progressively extending his activities to cover the entire range of activities of the burgeoning petroleum industry. He acted according to a number of simple but effective principles: control the various links in the petroleum chain (storage, refining, transport, distribution infrastructure) and ensure that they operate at minimum cost. Rockefeller eschewed production, which he considered anarchical, preferring to buy in his crude, which was then available on the market at a very competitive price. On 10 January 1870, he created Standard Oil together with his brother and some friends. The name “Standard” reflected the desire to sell a product of constant and high quality. After a decade of fierce struggle with his competitors Standard Oil achieved a dominant position in the market, controlling 80% of the distribution of the principal oil products, and in particular kerosene.