Effectiveness of security organizations in counter-terrorism operations in the democratic republic of Congo-Uganda cluster region, a case of Uganda people's defence forces (UPDF)

Abstract

The study examined effectiveness of security organizations in counter-terrorism operations in the democratic republic of Congo-Uganda Cluster Region: A Case of Uganda People's Defence Forces (UPDF). The study was based on three objectives: To examine the roles played by UPDF and other stakeholders in countering terrorism operations in Uganda- DRC border, examine the effectiveness of enforcement measures employed by the UPDF in enhancing counter-terrorism operations and identify challenges faced by security agencies in the fight against terrorism in Uganda- DRC border. The study targeted a total population of 260 from Politicians, Community leaders, Religious leaders, Government officials, UPDF Security Officers, Community members and Border Security Personnel and a sample of 158 respondents was selected using Yamane’s Formula (2000). A descriptive research design was employed and both quantitative and qualitative approaches of data collection were used. The study found out that 109 (71.2%) agreed that partnerships between UPDF and international organizations strengthen counter-terrorism operations. However, (24.9%) disagreed and 3.9% were neutral reflecting a strong recognition of the strategic value that partnerships bring in combating cross-border terrorism. Field findings revealed that 101(66%) were in agreement that the coordination between UPDF and other security agencies is strong and effective. However, 13(8.5%) were neutral and 39(25.5%) were in disagreement with the statement. Field results revealed that 107(69.9%) agreed that political and social instability in the DRC contributes to the terrorist threat in Uganda. The political and social instability in the DRC creates a power vacuum that allows armed groups and terrorist organizations such as the Allied Democratic Forces (ADF) to establish bases, recruit fighters and plan attacks some of which extend across the border into Uganda. The researcher concluded that while military capacity may serve to immediately react to terrorist threats and as a symbol of deterrence, Public trust in UPDF operations plays a bigger role in terms of minimizing some of the grievances terrorist organizations rely upon for recruitment of the no ideologues. The researcher recommends that Government of Uganda needs to increase funding for the Uganda Police Force so as to improve the UPF budgetary support to allow for improvement of the welfare of the police officers as well as availing necessary safety gear, equipment and logistical requirements in a bid to alleviate both operational and infrastructural challenges established in the study.