The impact of governance on economic security of Mogadishu city, Somalia

Abstract

This study examined the influence of governance on economic security in Mogadishu, Somalia, focusing on leadership and strategic direction, transparency and accountability, and compliance with legal frameworks. The target population comprised residents directly impacted by governance systems, including business owners, employed and unemployed youth, civil servants, community leaders, and local government officials. A total of 400 respondents were selected from the estimated population of 2.5 million using stratified and purposive sampling techniques to ensure representativeness. Primary data was collected through structured questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, and observation checklists, while secondary data was obtained from government reports and international publications. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis, while qualitative data were coded thematically. Findings revealed a generally positive perception of leadership, with strategic planning linked to economic stability, SME development, and job creation, though concerns about corruption and moderate trust in long-term leadership persisted. Transparency and accountability were strongly associated with improved resource management, public trust, and reduced corruption, highlighting their role in economic stability. Legal compliance and enforcement were perceived as essential for fostering investment, reducing corruption, and promoting employment, with weak compliance identified as a major risk to economic security. The study concludes that effective leadership, transparency, accountability, and legal adherence are critical drivers of economic security in Mogadishu. Recommendations include adopting inclusive strategic planning, strengthening institutional transparency, implementing robust accountability measures, and enforcing legal frameworks. The study further suggests future research on decentralized governance, informal institutional interactions, and longitudinal assessment of governance reforms to enhance economic resilience in fragile urban contexts.