The influence of a result-based monitoring and evaluation system on performance of water-climate resilience projects, Victoria water management zone, Uganda.

Abstract

The study assessed the influence of a result-based monitoring and evaluation system on performance of climate resilience programs in Victoria water management zone, Uganda. The objectives of the study were: to identify the contribution of M&E planning and implementing on performance of climate resilience programs, to assess the influence of M&E quality assurance mechanisms on performance of climate resilience programs and to examine the influence of M&E information sharing and utilization framework led to the performance of climate resilience programs. This study used a cross-sectional study design. The study population was estimated to be 163. These include the team leader of the water management zone, technical team, project managers, M&E experts, program accountants, parish development model committee, and project beneficiaries and approximately 154 respondents were selected to provide the data required to accomplish this assignment. The study employed quantitative methods using structured electronic questionnaires via Kobo Toolbox and secondary data collection through a desk review of official reports and documents. These tools ensured accurate, consistent data and enhanced respondent anonymity and data reliability. Data processing involved validating tools through expert review, coding and cleaning both qualitative and quantitative data, and measuring variables using ordinal and nominal scales. Data analysis was conducted using STATA, employing Pearson correlation and regression to examine relationships and the effect of independent variables on the dependent variable. The analysis shows a moderate negative correlation (r = –0.307, p < 0.01) between M&E planning practices and project performance, with regression results (R² = 0.094, B = -0.312, p < 0.001) suggesting these efforts are often reactive to poor outcomes. In contrast, M&E quality assurance mechanisms show a moderate positive correlation (r = 0.337, p < 0.01), explaining 11% of performance variance (R² = 0.113, B = 0.195, p < 0.001), indicating their value in proactive project oversight. Strongest impact is seen in M&E information sharing, with a correlation of r = 0.501 (p < 0.001), explaining 25% of outcome variance (R² = 0.251, B = 0.454, p < 0.001), highlighting the importance of knowledge use in boosting water-climate project success. The study recommended that Project stakeholders should prioritize early M&E planning with clear objectives, robust baseline data, and ongoing capacity building to enhance coordination and adaptive learning. Additionally, strengthening quality assurance, transparent information sharing, and continuous stakeholder engagement will drive accountability, innovation, and sustained project performance.